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Get clicking on the go with the Ten Best Mini-Laptops …

August 20, 2008 · Leave a Comment

By: Rebecca Armstrong, The Independent

1. Acer Aspire One – £200

The Aspire One, which runs on Linux, not Windows, is a competent compact computer in that it’s light, it’s small – with a screen size of 8.9in – and it’s cheap. The battery life is less exemplary at a measly two hours.

2. Vye mini-v S18P – £500

With its rotating 7in touch-screen and compact size, Vye’s mini-laptop is an intriguing beast. On the plus side, it’s very lightweight and has a good battery life, but it has limited memory and is prone to sluggishness.

3. MacBook Air – From £1,199

While it’s not mini all over, the wafer-thin MacBook is certainly the slimmest laptop the world has ever seen. It’s undeniably expensive, but you get Apple’s expertise, and a lot of style, as well as the substance.

4. Belinea s.book 1 – £440

With its seriously small 7in screen and 9 x 6.7in dimensions, the s.book 1 can easily slip into your handbag without spoiling the line or breaking your back. It comes with a Bluetooth Skype phone for cheap calls.

5. HP 2133 Mini-Note – £410

As mini-laptops go, the Mini-Note is hard to beat. True, it’s heavier than some of its brethren, but it has a broad keyboard, 120GB of storage and it looks great: perfect for on-thego computing at a reasonable price.

6. Fujitsu Siemens LifeBook P8010 – £1,292

If you’re after a business laptop that is fast, reliable and compact, this is well worth a look. It has a fingerprint scanner, splash proof keyboard docking, and data protection features.

7. Samsung Q1 Ultra – £693

This is a compact but sturdy handheld device with a sensitive touchscreen. Mercifully for anyone who actually needs to do some work on it, it comes with a detachable keyboard but it’s not ideal for office use.

8. ASUS Eee PC 901 – £300

The latest Asus, with its 8.9in screen, cements the brand’s position as one of the leading mini-laptop providers. Like the Aspire, it uses Linux rather than Windows, but offers a higherend product with longer battery life.

9. Sony Vaio VGNTZ31MN/N – £1,099

This Vaio might be a little on the large side for a true mini, with its 11.2in screen. A solid keyboard and sevenhour battery life make it a viable business option, although it will never be as pretty as the MacBook Air.

10. MSI Wind – £330

If your typing resembles an arcane dialect full of random vowels, it could be that your keyboard is a little too portable. The MSI Winds get round this with a decent-sized offering, complete with a 10in screen.

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Prius beaters for under a grand …

August 10, 2008 · Leave a Comment

By: James Ruppert, MSN Cars
August 01 2008

You might think that you need the fragrantly green mobile (Toyota Prius) beloved of politicos and celebs to save the planet and most importantly your pocket.

Frugal cars can also be cheap and cheerful and you won’t have to look truly stupid like all those G-Whiz owners coasting to a halt as their battery runs flat. We reckon you can buy a frugal car for less than a tank of petrol, that’s under a grand in case you wondered.

Life’s a gas…
Liquid Petroleum Gas LPG, has become the fuel of choice for those who don’t want to give up their petrol engined car for something rather more diesely. At roughly half the cost of petrol it effectively doubles your mpg. Often it is owners of large engined luxury and four-wheel drive cars who have more than enough boot space to accommodate the tank who pay for the plumbing.

It is a simple enough system, which starts on petrol and then immediately switches over to gas. However it needs to have been fitted correctly or you can have all sorts of problems, so if you can get the car checked by an engineer or garage who know their way around the system even better.

What we found in the classifieds…
Not surprisingly the number of LPG cars on sale at the moment seemed to have plunged as owners keep them, rather than sell them. We did though find a left hand drive FSO Polonez still registered in Poland of course for just £500. Should do the equivalent of 60mpg.

The classic option
We have this notion that old cars were slow, smelly and not very mpg friendly at all. The truth is that small petrol engined cars from the ’50s, ’60s and ’70s could actually be driven into the mid 40mpgs with a bit of care and attention.

It helped that the cars concerned didn’t have all the gismos and electrickery that piles on the pounds of the modern motor car. Some may say that classics aren’t safe, but if you are only going to use it on local journeys you should be fine and anyway driving an older car concentrates the mind wonderfully.

Yes a classic will make you a more careful and frugal driver, plus you will save on parts too, as complete exhaust systems are £20 rather than £600. Buy a small capacity four cylinder rather than a big V8 to get the full benefit though.

What we found in the classifieds
1985 Mini Ritz that is cute as a button and had done 50,000 miles for just £950. Should do 45mpg.

Diesel shopper
Technology has certainly moved on when it comes to diesel engines and common rail has boosted economy and performance. If you don’t mind taking your time though the old school wheezing diesels are great, especially if it small and perfectly formed like an old ’80s, or ’90s hatch.

More to the point it will also run on chip fat or supermarket cooking oil, or just about anything oily you could lob into the tank.

What we found in the classifieds
1995 Citroen AX Debut 1.5D in tidy condition for £400 which should manage at least 60mpg.

Parsimonious petrol power
Just because you have a petrol car it doesn’t mean that you are throwing money down the fuel tank. For a start diesel now costs more, so there is not much reason to feel smug about driving a diesel. No, a small petrol engine in a smallish car is now a brilliant combination. You will need to choose your car carefully and study the official mpg stats.

What we found in the classifieds
1996 Peugeot 106 1.1L Escapade level 3, for £420, with wheel trims missing and rough body, which has a five speed gearbox and means it should get to 49 mpg.

Diesel workhorse
If you need to shift stuff, or people for work or pleasure then a van with windows, aka the estate car is the way to go and usually it will come with a diesel engine. Even within our tiny budget an injected engine will be affordable though you will have to put up with very big mileages. It’s a good job then that these engines are very tough.

What we found in the classifieds
1996 Volkswagen Passat 1.9 TDi CL estate that has done 132,000 miles, £800. It looked very tidy in blue and not remotely scruffy will return 52.9 mpg.

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Introducing the hybrid you can hear (so it won’t run you over) …

August 8, 2008 · Leave a Comment

By: Michael Savage, The Independent
Thursday, 7 August 2008

Lotus is developing technology that will put the roar of the traditional combustion engine under the hoods of eco-friendly vehicles, in an attempt to make the quiet cars safer for unsuspecting pedestrians – particularly the blind – and cyclists.

Stealthy hybrids and electric cars have come in for criticism from groups representing the blind and partially sighted, concerned that the low hum of the vehicles puts those with imperfect sight at greater risk of being hit on the roads. Some are almost silent at slow speeds.

Lotus said its “safe and sound hybrid technology” simulates the traditional grunt of a combustion engine, making it “instantly recognisable that the vehicle is in motion”.

It has already put the system into a Toyota Prius, one of the most popular hybrid cars on the market. The device kicks in automatically to produce an artificial engine noise when the hybrid car runs on its electric motor. When the car’s combustion engine takes over, sensors fitted to the engine and suspension turn off the sound.

The engine noise is produced by a waterproof loudspeaker positioned next to the car’s radiator, making the sound seem to originate from under the bonnet. The system produces a pitch and frequency designed to help pedestrians identify the car’s speed and distance.

Electric and hybrid cars are so quiet many fear they pose a risk to pedestrians. One US study found electric and hybrid cars moving slowly had to be 40 per cent closer to pedestrians than conventional vehicles before their location could be detected.

They have no noisy pistons, internal explosions or fan belts which cause the roar we associate with the traditional car engine. Hybrids pose an added problem. For much of the time, they are powered by a combustion engine.

But at low speeds, an electric motor takes over, making them very quiet. The new system from Lotus kicks in when sensors detect the electric motor is working.

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Grass ceiling: How corporate culture is going green

August 6, 2008 · Leave a Comment

Up on the roof: the Eversheds building in the City of London:

It’s got intelligent lighting, low-energy air-con and London’s biggest living roof. But this is no eco charity HQ.

By: Rob Sharp, The Independent
Thursday, 31 July 2008

In central London there is a lawn of luscious green, in which insects merrily scurry. Feeding on them are birds, which can nest nearby in specially installed wooden boxes. They are observed by office workers eight storeys above ground level, where a view of Saint Paul’s Cathedral matches any vista in the capital.

This glorious scene takes place on the top floor of the recently completed headquarters of law firm Eversheds. The building, contrary to what you might expect from a conventional office block for grey-suited solicitors, is one of the greenest in the capital. In this edifice, there are no swathes of air conditioning units and energy-wasting lighting.

Instead, the office has the biggest green roof in London and features an abundance of other eco-friendly features.The £11m landmark joins a host of other environmentally sensitive office buildings springing up all over the country.

The idea to make One Wood Street green was spearheaded by Eversheds’ senior partners, according to the building’s project manager, Gareth Griffiths, of construction consultancy Capita Symonds. “It was a conscious decision to enhance the green credentials of the building because the consensus in the City is that we have to be responsible members of society,” he says.

“Offices are a significant contributor to carbon dioxide emissions because of their high energy consumption. A high-profile firm such as Eversheds can make a considerable impact on that. Additionally, the environment is becoming an important issue to clients, and so having an office which follows green ideals leads by example.”

The green roof, which can be visited by employees on request, is made of a spongy roll of the succulent plant, sedum. It is durable and needs no watering. “Mud baths” will be added, to encourage a roof-level “mini-ecosystem” in which insects provide food for birds. It is hoped the bird boxes will attract peregrine falcons – which have nested at nearby Tate Modernswifts, and redstarts.

Such eco-consciousness is proving popular with employees. Bo Kehinde, a solicitor at the company says: “The green roof is wonderful to be associated with. Up there it is quite tranquil. The sedum is low and soft to walk on and it is a peaceful place.”

The building’s designer, Ray Holden of Fletcher Priest Architects, says green roofs are increasingly becoming a coveted addition to modern offices. “Roofs are often wasted spaces. It is a whole floor that people build that is never normally used,” he explains. “But we can be more responsible as designers by using them in a green way.

Conventional roofs absorb a large amount of heat, making London hotter. But because green roofs are full of water, which evaporates when heated, they make the city a lot cooler. And they also bring in wildlife.”

But “greenness” is not confined to the roof at One Wood Street. Clever gizmos are peppered across all of the building’s 160,000 square feet. These minimise power consumption and include intelligent lighting, which senses when people are absent from the office floor and switches itself off accordingly.

And “Chilled beams” – long oblongs of hollow metal containing water, provide an energy-efficient method of cooling, having no moving parts. Indeed, it is so quiet with the beams, compared with the hum of air conditioning, that artificial noise is pumped into the Eversheds HQ. This is to muffle conversations – an important factor if confidential deals are being discussed. But the open plan design also means less power is used. Instead of many rooms, each with their own lighting and temperature controls, there is just one.

One Wood Street is at the forefront of a wave of offices winning or set to win plaudits for their environmental credentials. They include another office by Fletcher Priest, London’s Watermark Place, also in the City, to be finished next year, which also will boast a large green roof.

And then there is the new headquarters for PricewaterhouseCoopers, to be built on the More London development, next to Tower Bridge, by 2010. While it doesn’t have a green roof, it will have hot water heating by solar energy.

These projects will join the National Trust’s headquarters in Swindon (which is naturally ventilated) and the Wessex Water building in Bristol, which uses a third of the energy normally consumed by an office building. Its makes use of solar power and minimises artificial heating.

“Sustainability has gripped the office community, I have never known anything like it,” says Richard Kauntze, chief executive of the British Council for Offices, which advises on best practice for designers, operators and managers.

“It’s what everyone is talking about. The buildings we live and work in use massive amounts of energy. There is a real desire to change and a clear acceptance that the way offices have been designed and managed cannot continue. The bigger challenge is with existing buildings. Computers, lights and heating should all be reduced; that can make a big difference and can cost very little.”

Turf at the top

1. The Office Group, Gray’s Inn Road, London

A green roof for meetings or lunch, and provides a useful habitat for insects. Also features an outdoor classroom for children from the local area.

2. Norfolk Community Primary School, Sheffield

Built as a condition of planning permission due to storm-water overflow problems. The roof has lowered the likelihood of vandalism, and improved rainwater management.

3. Moorgate Crofts Business Centre, Rotherham

When the business centre’s management decided they wanted conference rooms on the roof, a green roof was used to create sustainable surroundings.

For more information on green roofs see www.livingroofs.org

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How to turn water into rocket fuel – scientists unlock power of the sun

August 4, 2008 · Leave a Comment

Solar panels: seen here on the roof of a German warehouse.

By: Steve Connor, Science Editor, The Independent
Friday, 1 August 2008

Scientists have devised a cheap and simple method of turning water into rocket fuel using solar power in a development that could generate a new source of green energy for the home and workplace.

The researchers used electricity from solar panels to split water into oxygen and hydrogenthe constituents of rocket fuel – with a technology that scientists believe could solve many of the problems that have hampered the development of solar energy.

With the help of a simple and yet highly efficient “chemistry set” made out of commonly available materials, the scientists have found a way of storing solar energy as a chemical fuel that can be used to power pollution-free electricity generators known as hydrogen fuel cells.

Until now the concept has stagnated because it has been too costly and difficult to use solar-generated electricity to split water into oxygen and hydrogen in a domestic setting, but the new method relies on the discovery of a catalyst that speeds up the conversion of water into high-energy fuel.

Daniel Nocera of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston, said the discovery could remove one of the major obstacles that has prevented solar power from being taken up widely as a viable alternative to fossil fuels such as oil and gas.

“The discovery has enormous implications for the large-scale deployment of solar since it puts us on the doorstep of a cheap and easily manufactured storage mechanism. The ease of implementation means that this discovery will have legs,” Dr Nocera said.

Being able to use solar panels to build up a store of chemical energy that is easily transported would revolutionise the way solar energy can be used. It not only means that it could power a building at night, it also means it could be carried around to power electric vehicles running on hydrogen fuel cells.

The secret of the breakthrough, published in the journal Science, lies in the type of electrodes used to generate oxygen and hydrogen when they are inserted into water. The scientists made them from a cobalt-phosphate mixture which acted as a catalyst that speeds up the splitting of water molecules into their components – oxygen and hydrogen.

“The simplicity of this process is amazing. Using common and affordable elements, and a glass of water, these chemists may have given us a future way to efficiently obtain oxygen by splitting water,” said Luis Echegoyen, director of the chemical division of the US National Science Foundation, which funded the work.

Dr Nocera said that sunlight has the greatest potential of any power source to solve the world’s energy problems given that in one hour enough energy from the Sun strikes the Earth to provide the entire planet’s energy needs for a year.

The technique of using sunlight to split water lies at the basis of photosynthesis, the way plants convert the energy of sunlight into a chemical store that can be used for growth, but emulating the biological process has not been easy.

Existing methods of splitting water using electrolysis are used in industry but are not suited for artificial photosynthesis as they are expensive and cumbersome to use on the sort of small scales needed for homes and offices.

Within a decade, Dr Nocera predicts that people will be powering their homes in the daytime from photovoltaic solar panels, and using the spare energy to generate that hydrogen that will power fuel cells at night with little or no pollution. “This is just the beginning. The scientific community is really going to run with this,” Dr Nocera said.

How the new electrodes work:

* Sunlight hits the photovoltaic cells of a solar panel and is converted into electricity. Spare capacity is sent to electrodes placed in a tank of water.

* As electricity runs through each electrode, a chemical catalyst made of a cobalt-phosphate mixture lining their surfaces speeds up the rate at which water is split into oxygen and hydrogen.

* The two gases bubble up to the surface and are collected separately and stored in safety canisters. The catalyst covering the electrodes renews itself spontaneously.

* Hydrogen is used as a fuel to drive a generator known as a hydrogen fuel cell, which can power a vehicle or the home at night. Oxygen can be combined with hydrogen to produce energy-rich fuel.

* Scientists are trying to work out exactly how the catalyst works and hope to refine the technique further. They plan to experiment with other catalysts, such as platinum, which is know to speed up the rate at which hydrogen can be made when electrodes are placed in water.

* The system should also be able to work with electricity generated by wind turbines, which also suffer the problem of variable power caused by differences in wind speed. The energy of the wind can be stored for when it is calm.

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Legendary oil exec T. Boone Pickens will spend $10 billion to build the world’s biggest wind farm…

May 27, 2008 · Leave a Comment

Legendary oil exec T. Boone Pickens will spend $10 billion to build the world’s biggest wind farm.

Wind-Power Industry Set To Tap Capital Markets
By Kenneth Stier, Features Writer | 22 May 2008|CNBC

Small investors might soon be able to take part in the surging growth of US wind power, as the industry reaches a scale that will increasingly require tapping public capital markets to continue its explosive growth.

Last year the sector grew 45 percent and in the first quarter of 2008, some $3 billion of new generation was installed, raising the nation’s overall capacity to more than 18,000 megawatts – enough to power 5 million homes.

That is still less than one percent of US’ electricity demand but a recent Department of Energy study said this could realistically shoot up to 20 percent by 2020, far exceeding even rosy earlier predictions.

But that depends on overcoming critical transmission bottlenecks – and preserving federal subsidies needed to ………….

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Skateboarding through time

April 1, 2008 · Leave a Comment

Please print the 2 pages so the six columns give a complete overview

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How solar power could become organic – and cheap

March 11, 2008 · Leave a Comment

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A £5m project backed by the Carbon Trust aims to develop solar cells that could produce energy more efficiently;
By: Michael Pollitt The Guardian, Thursday November 29 2007.

Physicist Neil Greenham would like his work to lead to ’something that’s going to generate some useful power’ Physicist Neil Greenham of Cambridge University’s Cavendish Laboratory likes turning a good idea on its head. His PhD involved researching polymer light emitting diodes, since used for displays in some televisions, MP3 players and mobile phones. But then he joined a research group trying to use similar polymers to generate electricity from light. Now, more than a decade of pioneering work has resulted in an organic solar cell that doesn’t use expensive silicon.

Conventional photovoltaic (PV) solar cells are made from a thin slice (around 200 microns) of silicon that is doped with chemicals to form a bilayer structure called a p-n junction. When photons of light are absorbed by the silicon, electrons flow, creating a small electric current. An organic solar cell takes a similar approach but uses an ultra-thin (100 nanometre) film mixture of two semiconducting polymers instead.

The prototype organic solar cell – the size of Greenham’s hand – produces enough power to run an electronic calculator. The idea of a purple-coloured polymer as a conductor seems odd when plastics are normally considered excellent insulators. But mounted on glass, this solar cell uses the same class of materials as the polymer light-emitting diodes: long-chain plastics with double bonds which permit electron flow.

“My interest is in understanding how these things work from a physics point of view. The fact they may turn out to be helpful to the environment is certainly a bonus,” Greenham says.

Taking the organic solar cell from laboratory to rooftop is a trade off between efficiency and cost. Greenham says the world record for silicon solar cell efficiency – the conversion of light energy to electricity – is more than 40%, but standard cells are between 10% and 15%. While organic cells fall well short of that, they’re much cheaper to make. Will the prototype organic solar cell really deliver?

“It’s less efficient than the solar cells you might have in your calculator by a factor of three or four,” Greeham says. “But we know how to make it 5% efficient.”

Greenham is now working on a £5m project funded by the Carbon Trust to deliver solar energy at radically lower cost. Led by the University of Cambridge’s Cavendish Laboratory with The Technology Partnership, there’s a huge target: deploy more than one gigawatt of organic PV by 2017 to make carbon dioxide savings of more than 1m tonnes per year.

Just to add to this challenge, the scientists want to “print” solar cells with an ultra-thin mix of two semiconducting polymers on a flexible plastic backing up to one metre wide. Unlike high-energy silicon manufacture, this will be a cheap low-temperature process for a small carbon footprint.

“The first type of products might be solar cells in consumer electronics, maybe built into the top of your PDA, laptop or iPod,” Greenham says. “But we’d like to get something that’s going to generate some useful power and make a bit of an impact.”

Is organic solar likely to replace silicon, then? Even though the more efficient silicon has an obvious cost penalty, Greenham doesn’t think so: “There’s going to have to be a lot more PV of all kinds. We want to make it cheap enough to really expand the market.”

That view is shared by Professor Paul O’Brien at the University of Manchester. He’s been involved with solar cells for more than 20 years, especially those that don’t use silicon. “Silicon is made in a foundry and the technology is the same as we use to make silicon chips. That, of course, is far too expensive,” says O’Brien, who reckons that solar cells need be no more pricey than high-performance self-cleaning glass. “Get the cost down, and the whole thing becomes viable.”

Led by O’Brien and Professor Jenny Nelson at Imperial College London, a £1.5m Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council project is trying to do just that. Its target is a mass-produced hybrid solar cell with energy conversion efficiencies approaching 10%. The first laboratory prototype will be assembled next year.

“We’re very interested in solar cells where we take an organic layer that’s printable or sprayable containing an inorganic material like lead sulphide which will actually do the photon capture,” O’Brien says. Photons knock out loose electrons, which then flow through the cell to produce electricity.

Lead sulphide (PbS) adds a new twist to silicon-free solar cells by using nanotechnology. The lead sulphide will be in the form of nanorods, 100 or so nanometres long and 20 by 20 nanometres in section. (One micron is 1,000nm.) When photons hit the rods distributed within a semiconducting polymer, electrons are released. Researchers also plan to use equally small “quantum dots” to achieve the same photovoltaic effect.

“The big driver for me is always cost reduction, not efficiency,” O’Brien says. Despite falling short of silicon’s efficiency, the benefit will be huge cost reductions. If all goes well, O’Brien reckons the new solar cell technology may be one hundredth of the cost of a silicon cell when in mass production – promising a solar energy revolution. “The world needs to look at alternatives to fossil fuels,” O’Brien says.

The idea of solar cell research at UK universities delivering electricity as cheaply as fossil fuels do today is exciting. But waiting around for the science to become technology isn’t an option, says Martyn Williams, senior parliamentary campaigner at Friends of the Earth. “We are aware of moves to find new ways to generate electricity from solar power. We have to move faster than that because every tonne of carbon we pump out is adding to the problem.”

Six years ago, he installed solar PV on his Victorian terraced house when it needed a new roof. “It produced about £250 of electricity a year,” says Williams, who received a £10,000 (50%) grant from the government.

Over the seasons, the silicon-based panels have provided 75% of his household’s electricity needs, with any surplus sold back to the national grid. However, even allowing for the new roof, he calculated his payback period at 20 years.

Williams has since moved home – leaving the PV panels behind – and installed “fantastically efficient” solar thermal panels to heat water with a payback time of five to eight years. Modest grants for householder projects involving renewable energy are periodically available from the government’s Low Carbon Buildings Programme. For example, the maximum grant for solar PV or thermal is now £2,500.

“Government grants have proved completely inadequate for demand. The whole purpose of them – to stimulate the setting up of a new industry of solar fitters – has also been seriously hampered by the stop-start nature,” says Williams, who prefers an innovative German scheme which guarantees payments for surplus electricity exported to the grid. “Germany has been far more successful. They are streets ahead of us in delivering solar roofs, and it would be good if ministers had a serious look at which policy has worked best.”

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The leading WIND energy Trade Fair 2008

March 11, 2008 · 7 Comments

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The Hamburg trade fair company Hamburg Messe and the Husum trade fair company Messe Husum signed a cooperation agreement for joint organisation of the premier international wind event. This will in future be the only international trade fair for the wind industry in Germany, and will be held for the first time under the new name of HUSUM WindEnergy, in Husum from 9 to 13 September 2008.
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Solar Powered Heating, Saving Energy and Money with A Solar Roof

March 10, 2008 · 2 Comments

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  • Solar energy has been a topic of considerable discussion for years but somehow except for garden lighting and weak pond or fountain pumps it does not seem to have taken up the imagination as much as it should.
  • There are many wonderful things about solar power and not least is that the intensity is greatest when we need most energy … ie during the daytime.
  • We like to sit in the sun in summer and when we do this we act as a solar energy absorber …
  • We get sunburned from excessive solar radiation … or we feel nice and warm and comfortable……..
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